I thought so too (thing about floppies being useless) but they really do come in handy. In case you fuck up when partioning your drive and make the worng one active, its very very useful to have one.
I use SysRescueCD for that (
http://www.sysresccd.org/ ) It's easy to use even for people who are consolephobic (yes there are graphical tools for partitioning - similar to partition magic in appearance) and there's also aida to check if all your hardware is functioning correctly (just enter "aida" at boot)
About the abbs.:
AMD - a company producing processors
CPU - central processing unit - a processor
RAM - random access memory - the operating memory, very important for performance
DDR/DDR2 - types of RAM - common nowadays (DDR2 is a bit newer

)
ATI/nVidia - companies making GPUs (or graphics processing units)
mobo - mother board - main board
CRT - cathode ray tube - a "traditional" screen - not flat
non-CRT - opposite of CRT
HD/HDD - hard disk/hard disk drive - the place where you put stuff
ATA/IDE - a way of connecting a HDD and optical drives to the mainboard
SATA - a new (not always better) way of connecting HDDs to the mainboard (haven't seen any DVD drives for SATA, but there might be some)
SCSI - an old but a bit more expensive way of connecting HDDs, optical drives, backup tape drives and whatever might store, receive or send large amounts of data, usually found on servers
DVD-whatever - standards of writing recordable DVDs... checkout some CD writing/DVD ripping sites for more details of what might be useful
First build your machine... then run aida from the Sys Rescue CD and check if it's all there (there will be pages with all active devices listed) if something doesn't work fix it... try to unplug and replug it
Then partition your drive(s) using the Sys Resc CD
And after all that... close the case... and install the OS of your choice... installing Windows and then Linux is not a bad choice (Linux can be installed by anyone who can click the Next button and answer some questions)
If you have more specific questions don't hesitate to jabber me at "lhx [at] jabber.autocom.pl"